Dermatology Terminology

 Ontario Association of Veterinary Technicians. (2022). [Dermatology]. Brought to you by OAVT Seminar.


MUCINOSIS

- Folds in skin, normal folds due to breed

EDEMA



Facial edema → “Tragic expression”

Mixed edema → may include tail base edema (1)

First action: Check thyroid function

Tail base edema (“jelly butt”) → indicative of fluid accumulation (1)

Erythema (skin redness) → chronic inflammation → post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (2)


Persistent inflammation → Lichenification (thickened, leathery skin) (3)

Lichenified skin → ideal surface for secondary infections

HYPERKERATOSIS 


Thickened Skin & Nasal/Foot Pad 
Thickened areas are often the first visible sign of systemic or internal disease, especially on nasal and foot pads.
Indicator of other diseases: 
  • Canine distemper (foot pads)
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Pemphigus (most common autoimmune skin disease)
  • Zinc-responsive dermatosis (nutritional absorption issue)
  • Hepatocutaneous syndrome / Superficial necrolytic dermatitis (liver-related)
If all other disease have been ruled out along with other diagnosis by process of elimination the case can be an Idiopathic conditions:

  • Nasodigital hyperkeratosis- common with aging

  • Hereditary nasal parakeratosis (common in Labrador Retrievers)

CUTANEOUS ATROPHY 












Thinning Skin & “Old Lady” Skin in Dogs

  • Skin changes: Thinning, folding, or “chicken skin” appearance.

  • Causes:

    • Long-term steroid use

    • Cushing’s disease (excess corticosteroid production)

  • Associated lesions: Papules and redness may develop due to fragile skin and inflammation.


Comadomes(blackheads/blocked hair follicles)

Abnormal thickening → disrupts normal skin function and barrier.
Lifted skin → often a collarette, marking the footprint of a previous pustule

Pustules
When the white blood cells get resolved and reabsorbed the skin in that area will tear away and become a collarette 

Scaleing


  • Increased scaling very fine and varied location in Hypothyroid
  • Large flakes Ichthyosis (dry skin) Golden retrievers overrepresented
Crusts









  • Some juicing 
Gold crust commonly seen with : 
( 1)Immune mediated( Pemphigus) 
or 
 Sarcopties (2) 

Silver crust --> Do Skin Biopsy
  • Epithelial Tropic Lymphoma (Cancer/Cutaneous T cell lymphoma)
  • Most are Euthanized as symptoms (Severe itchiness pruritis) are rarely put under control 
Vesicles

 Blisters
Check in the mouth oral lesions, prepuce, vulva =>Usually seen in immune mediated or autoimmune diseases


WHEELS/HIVES/Urticaria










Draining tracts


  • Interdigital cyst 
  • Foreign body reaction 
  • Sterile abscess 




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